IELTS Reading: technology passages
How machines, materials, computers and engineering systems work, often with a process or diagram to follow.
119 passages mainly about technology · 257 more that touch on it · from 215 full tests
Passages mainly about technology
Each passage opens as a timed 20-minute practice with its 13–14 questions. Submit to see your band estimate and the sentence that proves every answer.
- Harvesting the Wind
- Will Machines Take Our Jobs?
- Spinning Like a Spider
- Hanging in the Air: The Suspension Bridge
- Beneath the River: The Thames Tunnel
- What the Machine Cannot Read
- How Far Can We Trust Wikipedia?
- Facial Recognition: The Case for Rules
- Steel Caregivers: Robots for an Ageing World
- Copying Nature's Designs
- A Material in a Hurry
- How a Car Learns to See
- The Qubit's Promise
- Will AI Replace Human Translators?
- Can an Algorithm Be Fair?
- Making Machines Listen
- Teaching a Machine to Read
- A Voice in the Nursery
- Seeing Heat: The Thermal Imaging Camera
- Drones on the Farm
- The Mirror and the Machine
- Wearing the Machine
- Building with Living Cells
- Small Reactors, Large Ambitions
- Grid-Scale Batteries: Storing Electricity at Scale
- Robots at the Bench
- The Price of a Connected Home
- Materials That Mend Themselves
- Chips That Work Like Brains
- Reading the Mind
- The Network That Started It All
- How Email Learned to Travel
- The Case for Digital Identity
- Before Google: the First Search Engines
- Pocket Organisers: The Rise and Fall of the Personal Digital Assistant
- Steel Without Coal
- The Unlikely Rise of Wi-Fi
- Making Cement Without the Carbon
- Cutting the Cord: How Bluetooth Escaped the Cable
- Second Life for a Dead Battery
- What a Data Centre Does with Its Electricity
- The Cables Beneath the Sea
- What Makes 5G Different
- Turning Hydrogen into Current: How Fuel Cells Work
- Secrecy by Numbers: How Encryption Protects Data
- Should Deepfakes Be Banned?
- Keys Made of Light
- The Ledger Without an Owner
Show 71 more technology passages
- Choosing for Us
- What a Language Model Actually Does
- Drawing by Numbers: The Rise of Computer-Aided Design
- Teaching Machines to See
- Where Am I? How a Robot Vacuum Makes a Map
- Working Without a Leader: the promise of swarm robotics
- Machines That Bend
- Who Benefits from a Smart Meter?
- Why Build a Robot That Looks Like Us?
- The Wrong Kind of Convenience
- Robots on the Pavement
- Changing the Battery, Not the Wait
- Power Without a Plug
- The Touch You Cannot See
- The Illusion of Being There
- Layering the Real World
- Machines and the Decision to Kill
- Holographic Displays
- Will Our Digital Records Survive?
- Bending the Rules: The Rise of Flexible Electronics
- The Law That Was Never a Law
- Who Owns the Code?
- Computing with Light
- Writing Data into DNA
- Seeing with Light: How Lidar Works
- The Playroom Goes Online
- Cloth That Senses
- Surfaces That Clean Themselves
- The Algorithm on the Beat
- Giving the Traffic Lights Something to Think About
- The Long Game: How Machines Learned Chess
- The Internet of Things
- Computing at the Edge
- What the Cloud Really Is
- Listening to Bridges
- Tapping to Pay
- The Tyranny of the Password
- The End of the Paper Ticket
- The Face at the Gate
- The Bionic Limb
- A Computer in the Eye
- Who Owns the Fast Lane?
- The Limits of a Free Connection
- Before the Machines Decide
- Warmth from Below
- Should Robots Have Rights?
- Printing the Third Dimension
- Wood That Thinks It Is Concrete
- Carbon Fibre: Strength in the Strands
- Getting Some of It Back
- Glass with a Switch
- Banking Heat
- Swimmers in the Bloodstream
- Speaking Through Water
- Drones Beneath the Sea
- Traces in the Pixels
- The Filter in the Inbox
- Giving Machines a Voice
- Seeing Beneath the Soil
- Furnaces of the Early Savanna
- How Church Bells Were Cast
- Burning Limestone: The Lime Kiln in Britain
- Standing In for the Heart
- The Filter in the Fabric
- Should Employers Use Artificial Intelligence to Choose Job Applicants?
- Should Delivery Drones Fly Over Cities?
- How a Solar Cooker Works
- Why Water Towers Work
- How an Aerial Cable Car Works
- Drones in the Wild: Who Decides?
- The Roman Hypocaust
Other passages that cover technology
These passages have a different main subject but deal with technology along the way.
257 passages
- The Humble Pencil
- Turning Seawater into Drinking Water
- Lights on the Rocks
- Farming Upwards
- Listening to Volcanoes
- Lifting Boats: Canals and Locks
- News in the Age of the Feed
- Lightning Messages
- Harnessing the Wind
- Racing the Wave
- Measuring the Hours
- The Machine That Changed Writing
- What Completion Rates Really Tell Us
- The Elevator That Refused to Fall
- Rivers Above the Ground
- Faces on the Page
- The Panama Canal: Cutting a Continent
- Reading the Lines
- The Invisible Thread: A Short History of Radio
- The Rise of the Textile Mill
- Witnesses and Reporters
- The Growing Hazard of Space Debris
- Smart Cities, Private Lives?
- The Battery That Changed the World
- Who Answers When an Autonomous Car Crashes?
- The Long Road to Fusion Power
- Hydrogen's Promise and Pitfalls
- Power from the Earth: Iceland's Geothermal Story
- Harnessing the Tides
- Capturing Carbon
- The Rise of Competitive Gaming
- The Fastener That Stuck
- The Microwave Oven
- Wheels on the Red Planet
- Chasing Comets
- Imaging a Black Hole
- A Window on the Early Universe
- Messenger RNA Vaccines
- AI and the Future of Academic Honesty
- Breathing Underwater: The Development of Diving Equipment
- The Sextant: Navigating by the Sun and Stars
- Catching Water from Fog
- Screens and the Teenage Mind
- The Tube That Carried the Mail
- The Switch That Shrank the World
- The Tyranny of Numbers
- Printing with Drops of Ink
- The Ballpoint Pen and the Problem of Ink
- Privacy Is Not Secrecy
- Recording the Human Voice
- The First Pictures in the Home
- Who Pays for the Performance?
- Connecting the Call: The Rise of the Telephone Exchange
- Bouncing off Metal: The Invention of Radar
- The Surgeon's Hands
- The Machine That Shrank
- Who Is Really Paying for Free Services?
- The Machine That Refused to Be Built
- A Pattern in Cardboard: The Jacquard Loom
- Who Owns an Idea? Copyright in the Digital Age
- ENIAC and the First Electronic Computers
- Paying for the News
- Pointing the Way
- Giving the Grid a Brain
- The Watched Worker
- Adding Instead of Multiplying
- Sailing on Sunlight
- The Machine on the Touchline
- The Sky Fills Up
- Should Five-Year-Olds Learn to Code?
- Cash in the Wall: the improbable history of the ATM
- The Body as Evidence
- A Picture Down the Wire
- The Screen and the Room
- From Car Boot to Pocket
- The Sheet That Changed Materials Science
- Who Pays? The Limits of Crowdfunding
- The Machine That Made Music Private
- Beyond the Properties of Nature: Metamaterials
- Who Carries the Risk? Rethinking the Gig Economy
- The Rise of the Compact Disc
- Resistance Falls to Zero
- The Museum Without Walls
- The Copying Machine
- Arresting the Image: The Rise of Videotape
- The Camera Without Film
- Editing the Harvest
- Should Machines Teach?
- Sputnik and the First Satellites
- The Body on Your Wrist
- Can Machines Be Creative?
- The Reusable Dream: A History of the Space Shuttle
- Medicine at a Distance
- Who Owns the Machine's Output?
- A Telescope Above the Air
- The Machine That Reads the Scan
- The Price of a Ride at Midnight
- Predicting the Shape of Life
- The Camera on the Lamp Post
- Meat from a Bioreactor
- The Invention of the World Wide Web
- Reading the Field
- Life Without Notes and Coins
- Thin Barriers, Clean Water: the Science of Membranes
- Should Cryptoassets Be Regulated?
- The Giant in the Room
- Who Should Govern the Feed?
- Who Are You?
- The Square That Went Everywhere
- Old Cruelty, New Tools
- The Engine Without a Spark
- The Afterlife of a Smartphone
- Are Video Games Art?
- Spinning Instead of Pushing: the birth of the steam turbine
- The Motivation Trap
- The Power of Falling Water
- The Dating App Dilemma
- A Century of Cold Light: The Story of the LED
- Blowing Air Through Iron: The Bessemer Process
- The First Nuclear Power Stations
- Can Video Calls Replace Business Travel?
- The Battery That Refuses to Retire
- Whose Body Is It Anyway?
- The Line That Moved
- Who Will Drive?
- The Arm That Learned to Repeat Itself
- The Case Against the Delivery Drone
- Fuel from Thin Air: The Promise and Cost of Synthetic Liquids
- Fixing the Sky
- Weighing the Nuclear Option
- From Ear Trumpets to Digital Chips
- Slices of the Body: The Invention of the CT Scanner
- The Green Dot
- The Alarm on the Ceiling
- Ships Without Sailors
- The Right to Switch Off
- Flying on Batteries
- Trains Without Wheels
- The Persistent Divide
- One Pilot or Two?
- Liquid Fire: the first liquid-fuelled rockets
- The Wrong Target?
- A Balloon for the Deep
- Should Examinations Be Taken on Computers?
- Boring Beneath the City
- Cooling the Air
- Ink That Stays Put
- The Calculator in the Examination Room
- The Rise of the Electric Kettle
- The Clocks That Keep the World in Step
- The Quiet Room
- Watching the Weather from Orbit
- From the Brown Box to the Living Room
- Should Elections Move Online?
- The Rise of the Spreadsheet
- The Moving Staircase
- Government on the Screen
- The Midnight Screen
- The Jet Engine
- The Passport in Your Pocket
- Should New Cars Be Fitted with Speed Limiters?
- Riding on a Cushion of Air
- Silence, Engineered: How Noise-Cancelling Headphones Work
- Dust and Suction: The Making of the Vacuum Cleaner
- Seeing with Electrodes: The Science of Retinal Implants
- Who Pays for a Stream?
- Proving How Old You Are
- The Air in Your Street
- A Signal from the Ground
- Many Dishes, One Telescope
- Bringing the Rocket Home
- The Long Road to the Touchscreen
- The Slowest Rocket in the Sky
- The House That Hardly Needs Heating
- Better Than Well?
- The Dead on Tour
- The Tube Behind the Screen
- Turning the Sea into Electricity
- The Electronic Leash
- The Pocket Revolution
- Harvesting Sunlight Above the Crops
- Should a Machine Judge a Small Claim?
- The Dishwasher's Long Road
- Plugging In: The Making of the Electric Guitar
- The Middleman at the Door
- The Machine That Typed at a Distance
- Work Without a Place
- Finding the Way from Space
- The Camera on the Lapel
- Counting the Seconds: the rise of the digital watch
- Keeping Track of Children
- A Short History of the Thermostat
- Teaching the Telephone to Speak Data
- Headsets and the Talking Cure
- Drawing with Light
- After the Last Login
- Making the Voice Electric
- Are Online Friendships Real Friendships?
- Reading the Seabed
- Free for All? The Case for Digitising National Archives
- Reaching for Heaven: How Gothic Cathedrals Were Built
- Steel across Siberia: the Trans-Siberian Railway
- The Greek Trireme
- The Moulds of Anyang
- Can Video Games Teach History?
- The Antikythera Mechanism
- Building Hagia Sophia
- Reading the Unreadable
- Restoration or Distortion?
- The English Longbow in the Hundred Years' War
- The Codebreakers of Bletchley Park
- The Sling and the Counterweight
- The Secret of Greek Fire
- Can Big Data Produce Real History?
- Reading the Timber Frame
- How Historians Date Old Photographs
- The Shipwright's Craft
- An Iron Tower on the Champ de Mars
- Lighting the Night Streets
- The Lesson of the Titanic
- Gold from the Mountain: Las Médulas
- Water for the Ottoman Capital
- The Manuscript in the Hand or on the Screen
- The Magic Lantern: Pictures Out of the Dark
- Should Health Apps Be Regulated Like Medicines?
- The Machine That Breathed
- Should We Release Genetically Modified Mosquitoes?
- How an Inhaler Delivers Its Dose
- How a Blood Pressure Cuff Works
- Bringing Bacteria into Focus
- Keeping Vaccines Cold
- Reading the Electrical Brain
- Reading Our Own Instructions
- How a Genetic Test Reads DNA
- How Protective Suits Keep Health Workers Safe
- Should Contact Tracing Use Phone Location Data?
- How an Artificial Hip Joint Works
- Therapy Through a Screen
- The First Ferris Wheel
- The Comb and the Cylinder
- Replaying the Game
- Who Should Answer for What Users Post?
- The Archimedes Screw
- Wind Farms: Sea or Land?
- Should Societies Stop Using Cash?
- How a Spinning Wheel Turns Fibre into Yarn
- Should Meat Grown in Laboratories Replace Livestock Farming?
- How a Dew Pond Collects Water
- When the Ground Gives Way
- Coding at Five
- How Sea Level Is Measured
- Should High-Technology Running Shoes Be Banned?
- The Chinese Junk
- Riding the Moving Staircase
- Should Social Media Be Banned for Children Under Sixteen?
- Building the Sydney Opera House
- How False Stories Travel
Key technology vocabulary
Words worth knowing before you read about technology, each with the sentence it appears in.
| Word | Meaning | Example from a passage |
|---|---|---|
| accountable adjective | required to explain and take responsibility for what one does | “Both approaches accept that the technology will be used, and try to make its use accountable.” Test 445 |
| vigorously adverb | in a strong, energetic way that shows firm belief in something | “Firms that sell recruitment software defend their products vigorously.” Test 445 |
| intuition noun | a feeling about what is right, based on experience rather than conscious reasoning | “that candidates cannot easily fake, and that the alternative is a manager's intuition” Test 445 |
| predictor noun | something that can be used to say in advance how a situation will turn out | “the traditional interview is a poor predictor of how someone will do the job” Test 445 |
| resilience noun | the ability to recover quickly from difficulty or to keep going under pressure | “problem-solving, attention to detail, resilience — that are relevant to the job” Test 445 |
| quadcopter noun | a small aircraft lifted by four rotating blades | “A small quadcopter uses electricity rather than petrol” Test 456 |
| redundancy noun | extra parts or systems kept so that failure of one is not fatal | “aviation authorities generally require redundancy, and some operators fit parachutes” Test 456 |
| intermittent adjective | stopping and starting, so that it is never continuous | “intermittent sounds which cannot be predicted are among the most irritating of all” Test 456 |
| unsettled adjective | not yet decided or agreed, and therefore open to dispute | “The legal position is unsettled: in most countries the airspace above a house is not owned outright” Test 456 |
| forgoes verb | gives up something valuable that could have been had | “A city that refuses every licence forgoes benefits that are already within reach” Test 456 |
| convection noun | the movement of heat through air or liquid as it circulates | “so that convection, which would otherwise carry heat out of the top, is largely suppressed” Test 476 |
| suppressed verb | stopped or prevented from continuing to happen | “convection, which would otherwise carry heat out of the top, is largely suppressed” Test 476 |
| fragile adjective | easily broken or damaged by handling | “folds flat for transport, but it is fragile and usually slower than a box.” Test 476 |
| unfamiliar adjective | not known or experienced before; strange to a person | “the taste and texture of food cooked slowly in a box are unfamiliar” Test 476 |
| caution noun | great care taken in order to avoid mistakes or danger | “so claims made by manufacturers and by aid projects should be treated with caution.” Test 476 |
| buffer noun | something that reduces the effect of sudden changes or pressure | “In ordinary operation a water tower is a buffer between supply and demand” Test 486 |
| supplementing verb | adding to something so that there is more of it | “during the peak the tank empties, supplementing what the pumps can deliver” Test 486 |
| surplus noun | an amount that is more than what is needed | “and carries surplus water safely to the ground if a valve sticks” Test 486 |
| composite adjective | made by combining two or more different materials | “In the composite design common in North America, a concrete shaft carries a steel tank” Test 486 |
| lingering verb | remaining somewhere for longer than expected | “water lingering in the outer parts of the tank loses its chlorine” Test 486 |
| galvanised adjective | coated with a thin layer of zinc to prevent rusting | “It is made from hundreds of steel wires, each galvanised to resist corrosion” Test 496 |
| corrosion noun | the gradual damage or weakening of metal through chemical action | “hundreds of steel wires, each galvanised to resist corrosion, twisted into strands” Test 496 |
| detachable adjective | able to be released and separated from the main structure | “In a detachable system the grip is opened by a mechanism as the cabin enters the station” Test 496 |
| hydraulic adjective | operated by the pressure of liquid forced through pipes or cylinders | “held open by hydraulic pressure and closed by heavy springs” Test 496 |
Question types in these passages
- Multiple choice (choose more than one) · 135 passages
- Matching information · 127 passages
- Summary completion · 120 passages
- Multiple choice · 118 passages
- True / False / Not Given · 109 passages
- Yes / No / Not Given · 106 passages
- Summary completion (word list) · 91 passages
- Note completion · 50 passages
- Sentence completion · 29 passages
- Diagram label completion · 26 passages
- Flow-chart completion · 25 passages
- Matching features · 24 passages
- Matching headings · 22 passages
- Table completion · 21 passages
- Matching sentence endings · 15 passages
- Short-answer questions · 15 passages